The Sultans achievement in Age of Empires IV: Anniversary Edition
1. The Defense of Tyre (1111, Tyre)
2. Into Egypt (1163, Egypt)
3. Raiders of the Red Sea (1183, Red Sea)
4. The Horns of Hattin (1187, Hattin)
5. The Battle of Mansurah (1250, Mansurah)
6. The Battle of Ayn Jalut (1260, Ayn Jalut)
7. The Siege of Acre (1291, Acre)
8. The Invasion of Cyprus (1426, Cyprus)
After you go past the victory screen on mission 8 the achievement should unlock.
Make sure to acquire The Sultans Ascend-based campaign achievements during this campaign such as:
1. In the Lead by a Quarter Nile (Capture all Control Points during Into Egypt)
2. Master Naval Trader (Have 20 Trade Ships trading simultaneously during Raiders of the Red Sea)
3. Saving the Day Early (Eliminate all 3 enemy leaders within 30 seconds of each other during the Battle of Mansurah)
4. Rescue (Rescue all the prisoners during the Invasion of Cyprus)
Hope this guide helps. Cheers!
-----
EDIT: 20240101 Revised order of achievements available during campaign to be in chronological order (recommended by Sam Pardon)